AI Data Center DC Power Supply System with Battery Energy Storage DC Power Supply

Traditional data center electrical architecture: "medium voltage AC converted to low voltage AC", finally converted to low voltage DC by terminal equipment (servers, etc.).

AIDC electrical architecture: Added BESS, low-voltage DC power supply, with power supply+monitoring center+pulse repair function. After connecting to an external power source, the high-voltage distribution system is used to reduce the voltage (from 110kV/220kV to 10kV/20kV), and a medium voltage converter+Battery Storage System (AC to DC+energy storage connection) is added to convert 10kV AC to 380V low-voltage DC, and then PCS+Battery is introduced for scheduling (charging and discharging), forming a unified DC power supply bus to supply terminal equipment.

Low voltage DC energy storage as a power source: 

1) Higher peak support, which can maintain full load operation for a long time, while increasing high-density peak carrying capacity, realizing board expansion, and improving computing power density; 

2) Reducing the impact on the power grid, adapting to power fluctuations, and responding to energy storage in milliseconds, can result in more competitive PPA electricity prices, and can be supplemented with valley electricity, which is more advantageous (1GW data center consumes 1TWh of electricity per year, with an electricity fee of 0.08 USD/kWh, corresponding to 800 million USD). 

The pulse repair advantages of low-voltage DC energy storage solutions are outstanding: 

1) Outputting programmable pulse waveforms, precise and controllable, and adapting to the circuit characteristics of the board;

2) Monitoring and repair linkage: millisecond level response, precise triggering; 

3) High frequency compatibility: no power interruption, suitable for intensive repair rhythm; 

4) Lifetime gain, reducing full cycle costs. 

In addition, in the North American market, the self built data centers of large Internet companies are promoting the development of ± DC400V or DC800V power supply modes. The most important technical route is to use a solid-state transformer SST to convert AC10kV to DC800V. This route has fewer voltage conversion steps and higher efficiency, and is generally used as the best route for 800V DC power supply in data centers. The 800V DC power supply system is more convenient for matching distributed photovoltaic, energy storage and other new energy systems with grid connection, achieving a true photovoltaic storage DC flexible system.