A transient overvoltage (surge), caused by lightning strikes or switching operations, can severely damage sensitive electronic equipment. A Surge Protective Device (SPD), also called a surge arrester or surge protector, normally stays in a high-impedance state during normal operation. When the line

Lightning protection for telecom communication base stations involves a multi-layered approach, includingdirect and indirect lightning strike protection. This includes using lightning rods, down conductors, grounding systems, surge protection devices (SPDs), and ensuring proper bonding and insulatio